Industry 4.0 aims to equip industry for the future of production. The aim is to achieve production advantages through networked and dynamically organized production for individualized products. Cyber-physical systems and the Internet of Things are regarded as the key technological foundations of Factory 4.0. This involves independent communication between different components in production, the value chain and the supply chain. The ideas behind Factory 4.0 have the air of purely decentralized structures that no longer have to follow a common plan. The part talks to the machine tool about which new component it wants to be processed into and finds its own way through the factory and through the various storage stages. The machine tool independently orders the required tools in the ERP system. However, higher-level central specifications are also required in Factory 4.0, as parts must be stocked and production orders must be scheduled. Even if production material finds its own way through the factory, a decision has to be made as to when it will be sent on its way. In order for an ERP system to be able to order parts automatically, reliable decision-making mechanisms must be established.